Last Modified: 1/21/08

You may think that the Shih Tzu fits in a safe category containing breeds that never nip, growl or bite; in other words, aggression. Every breed is capable of aggression. If you are purchasing a puppy, it is less likely to be a problem. Puppies will growl, bite, mount each other, bark, and fight. For the most part, this is puppy play. It is possible, however, for a puppy to do one or more of these things in a manner that is harmful, whether or not they understand that they are hurting. You may also see an adult that has never shown any signs of aggression suddenly growling, biting, etc.

First of all, which is which? Harmful Biting will really hurt or draw blood. Most play is just nibbling that may hurt a little but feels more like gnawing. Non-play biting usually follows loud, sharp barking or growling. All in all the best way to judge between aggression and play is your feelings. If as an adult you find yourself afraid of your dog, then this poses a threat. However, if you find it cute, then by all means enjoy watching the fun. The same goes with adults. I have seen many quiet and subdued adults suddenly start to play with a younger dog or even an old pal. This too could be amusing to watch. If you find yourself afraid for the outcome then it will be necessary to put a stop to the behavior.

Mounting, contrary to popular belief, is not a show of aggression and only sometimes a show of sexual development. Rather, it is a sign of social dominant. In a home with multiple dogs, all one breed or a mix, nature calls for a social dominate. Most of the time, there is one dominate female and one male. In my household one female rules all, even the male. This does not mean that one dog is more important than another or that you should discourage this behavior. For the most part it is harmless and your dogs will continue to be friends and seek out each others company. If you bring a new dog into the household and it attempts to dominate the already established member, then please be patient. The oldest, established dog will eventually show their superiority. If a fight begins, stop it and discourage further behavior of this sort.

Now you need to ask yourself some questions as to why your puppy or dog might be aggressive:

Do you have your puppy’s/dog’s attention before picking it up?
Some puppies/dogs do not react well to being surprised. It is a good idea to get your pets attention before you approach them whether in play, sleep, or otherwise occupied. Call their name, clap you hands lightly, whistle or all until your pet looks up at you. By then your pet is prepared for your approach.

Are you talking in a loud voice?
If you are talking to your pet too loudly you may be scaring it. Try lowering your tone of voice.

Is playtime incredibly rough and exuberant?
Some puppies have more energy than they know what to do with. Mostly they grow out of this; but you will need to keep their playtime in check. Discourage any form of biting when you are the target. You may like the way they nibble you toes and fingers but it will only come back to haunt you. Biting among puppies/dogs is an acceptable form of play, as long as it does not go too far.

Are there too many toys at once? Are you switching to a new toy too often?
Having too many toys or people present or sudden changes too soon may also cause aggression or cowering. Their personality determines how they react. Keep a maximum of two toys around the house and do not replace one until it is no longer safe or sanitary. Keep in mind that many toys can be cleaned.

Are there too many people around? Is there too much noise in the room?
Some puppies and adults are sensitive to excessive noise. If they do not have the means to run away from it they will show their discomfort in one of two ways, cowering and aggression. Try moving them to a quieter spot.

Is the puppy, dog spending enough time resting in a cage/sleeping area?
Don't forget. Your pet, especially if he's a puppy, needs rest and quiet just as you or your child does. Make sure your pet has a safe, quiet place to go to unwind and rest.

Do you know the complete ownership history of your puppy/dog?
Not all dogs will react to all situations described. But it would probably be a lot kinder for your pet if you assume first that they will. If your pet is aggressive you may want to check into past ownership. If any animal is abused in any way they will eventually lash out. It may take time but it will happen. Buying a puppy or adult from a breeder that you are familiar with is a start, but that is not always possible so be aware of how they treat their family and other pets. But give them a break as well. A breeder or owner who has lost their temper with their children, spouse, or pets, in your presence may have been working to correct a problem and become temporarily frustrated. By taking time to get to know the person you are buying your pet from you may save yourself a lot of trouble and heartache.

If you bring home an animal from the pound it is usually difficult to document past ownership. By being patient, using endless soft vocal tones and identifying reasons for your pet’s fear you can gain trust. The fear will never go away. Trust will be hard for newcomers and visitors to gain. By accepting your pet’s limitations you can have a much healthier relationship.

Is there a lot of arguing and tension in the household?
If someone in the house is stressed and there are arguments and tension in the air your pet will have a similar reaction.

Having your puppy show aggression and/or cowering when you approach them can also be a way they react to the above problems; but not always.